E Cell Calculator

Calculate the cell potential of electrochemical cells using the Nernst equation. Determine how concentration and temperature affect the voltage of galvanic cells.

Standard potential in volts (V) at standard conditions (1M, 298K)
Temperature in Kelvin (K). Standard temperature is 298K (25°C)
Number of moles of electrons transferred in the redox reaction
Ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations, each raised to their stoichiometric coefficients

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the standard cell potential (E°cell) in volts
  2. Input the temperature in Kelvin (298K for room temperature)
  3. Enter the number of electrons transferred in the redox reaction
  4. Provide the reaction quotient (Q) and click Calculate to see the cell potential

Formula Used

E = E° - (RT/nF) × ln(Q)

Where:

  • E = Cell potential under non-standard conditions (V)
  • = Standard cell potential (V)
  • R = Gas constant = 8.314 J/(mol·K)
  • T = Temperature in Kelvin (K)
  • n = Number of electrons transferred
  • F = Faraday's constant = 96,485 C/mol
  • Q = Reaction quotient

Example Calculation

Real-World Scenario:

Calculating the voltage of a zinc-copper galvanic cell at 25°C with non-standard concentrations.

Given:

  • Standard potential (E°) = 1.10 V
  • Temperature = 298 K
  • Electrons transferred (n) = 2
  • Reaction quotient (Q) = 0.01

Calculation:

E = 1.10 - (8.314 × 298 / (2 × 96485)) × ln(0.01)

E = 1.10 - (0.01284) × (-4.605)

E = 1.10 + 0.0591

Result: 1.159 V (higher than standard due to low Q value)

Why This Calculation Matters

Practical Applications

  • Battery design and optimization
  • Corrosion prevention in metal structures
  • Electroplating and metal recovery processes
  • Fuel cell efficiency calculations

Key Benefits

  • Predict cell voltage under various conditions
  • Understand concentration effects on cell potential
  • Design electrochemical systems efficiently
  • Optimize energy output from galvanic cells

Common Mistakes & Tips

Always use Kelvin (K) for temperature in the Nernst equation, not Celsius. Convert by adding 273.15 to Celsius values.

Remember that Q = [products]^coefficients / [reactants]^coefficients. Pure solids and liquids are omitted from Q calculations.

Frequently Asked Questions

E° is the standard cell potential at 1M concentrations and 298K, while E is the actual cell potential under your specific conditions calculated using the Nernst equation.

Higher temperatures generally increase cell potential for endothermic reactions and decrease it for exothermic reactions, as shown in the Nernst equation.

When Q = 1, ln(Q) = 0, so E = E°. This occurs when the reaction quotient equals 1, meaning the ratio of products to reactants is balanced according to their stoichiometric coefficients.

References & Disclaimer

Educational Disclaimer

This calculator is for educational purposes only. The calculations are based on the Nernst equation and standard electrochemical principles. For professional applications, consult with electrochemistry experts and verify calculations with experimental data.

References

Accuracy Notice

This calculator assumes ideal conditions and may not account for activity coefficients, overpotential, or other real-world factors. Results are approximate and should be verified experimentally for critical applications.

About the Author

Kumaravel Madhavan

Web developer and data researcher creating accurate, easy-to-use calculators across health, finance, education, and construction and more. Works with subject-matter experts to ensure formulas meet trusted standards like WHO, NIH, and ISO.

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