Pediatric Maintenance Fluid Calculator

Calculate the appropriate maintenance fluid requirements for pediatric patients based on their weight using the standard pediatric fluid calculation formula.

Enter the child's weight
Adjust for mild to moderate dehydration (0-20%)

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the patient's weight in either kilograms or pounds
  2. Select the appropriate weight unit
  3. Adjust the dehydration factor if the patient is dehydrated (optional)
  4. Click Calculate to see the maintenance fluid requirements
  5. Review the results including daily, hourly, and per-minute fluid rates

Formula Used

Daily Fluids = 100 mL/kg for first 10 kg + 50 mL/kg for next 10 kg + 20 mL/kg for remaining weight

Where:

  • First 10 kg = 100 mL/kg/day
  • Next 10 kg (11-20 kg) = 50 mL/kg/day
  • Weight above 20 kg = 20 mL/kg/day
  • Hourly Rate = Daily Fluids ÷ 24 hours
  • Dehydration Adjustment = Daily Fluids × (1 + Dehydration Factor/100)

Example Calculation

Real-World Scenario:

A 3-year-old child weighing 15 kg needs maintenance fluids for hospitalization.

Given:

  • Weight = 15 kg
  • Dehydration Factor = 0% (no dehydration)

Calculation:

First 10 kg: 10 kg × 100 mL/kg = 1000 mL

Next 5 kg: 5 kg × 50 mL/kg = 250 mL

Total Daily Fluids: 1000 mL + 250 mL = 1250 mL

Hourly Rate: 1250 mL ÷ 24 hours = 52.1 mL/hour

Result: The child requires 1250 mL of fluids per day, or approximately 52.1 mL per hour.

Why This Calculation Matters

Clinical Applications

  • Preventing dehydration in hospitalized children
  • Establishing baseline fluid requirements
  • Guiding IV fluid therapy in pediatric patients
  • Managing fluid balance in various clinical conditions

Key Benefits

  • Standardized approach to pediatric fluid management
  • Reduces risk of fluid overload or underhydration
  • Quick reference for healthcare providers
  • Adjustable for special clinical situations

Common Mistakes & Tips

Children have higher fluid requirements per body weight than adults due to their higher metabolic rate and larger body surface area to mass ratio. Always use pediatric-specific formulas for children under 18 years of age.

The standard maintenance formula doesn't account for increased fluid needs in conditions like fever, burns, or vomiting. Always consider the clinical context and adjust fluid requirements accordingly.

Using the wrong weight unit can lead to significant calculation errors. Always double-check that you've selected the correct unit (kg or lbs) and verify the conversion if necessary (1 kg = 2.2 lbs).

Frequently Asked Questions

This calculator is not recommended for newborns (under 1 month of age) as they have different fluid requirements. Newborns typically need 60-80 mL/kg/day, with specific adjustments for the first few days of life.

For each degree Celsius above 37.5°C, increase the maintenance fluid by approximately 10-12%. For example, a child with a 39°C fever would need about 20-25% more fluids than the calculated maintenance amount.

For most pediatric patients, the maximum maintenance fluid rate is approximately 2400 mL/m²/day. Exceeding this rate may increase the risk of fluid overload and hyponatremia. Always monitor for signs of fluid retention when administering IV fluids.

References & Disclaimer

Medical Disclaimer

This calculator is intended for educational and informational purposes only. It should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

References

Accuracy Notice

This calculator provides estimates based on standard pediatric maintenance fluid formulas. Individual patient needs may vary based on clinical conditions, comorbidities, and other factors. Healthcare providers should use clinical judgment when determining fluid requirements for pediatric patients.

About the Author

Kumaravel Madhavan

Web developer and data researcher creating accurate, easy-to-use calculators across health, finance, education, and construction and more. Works with subject-matter experts to ensure formulas meet trusted standards like WHO, NIH, and ISO.

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health pediatrics-health-calculator pediatric maintenance fluid medical body weight